TUMASYO ARROUND THE WORLD

Archive for March, 2011

Colosseum is a historical relic in the form of a large theater / amphitheater which is one of the “Seven Wonders of the World Middle Ages.” Located in the State Capital of Italy, Rome, whose original name was “Flavian Amphitheater”, founded by King Vespasian and completed by his son Titus.  Colosseum Rome Italy (7 Wonders of the New World) Regarding the year of manufacture is still there differences in beliefs. Some argue that the Colosseum was built in 79 BC, there is also an opinion that was made between the years 70-82 AD. But most archaeologists believe that the Colosseum was built in 70-82 AD Origin of the name Colosseum from a statue as high as 130 feet or 40 m called Colossus. Colosseum is set to accommodate 50,000 spectators.

Building Construction

Reconstruction of the Colosseum started from the command of King Vespasian in 72 AD and completed by his son Titus in 80 AD Established close to the Colosseum enermous Nero’s palace, Domus Aurea that had been built in after the great fire of Rome in AD 64 Some historians believe that the construction of the Colosseum was financed by way of robbing the great temple in Jerusalem by agents of King Herod in 64 AD.

To the historian Dio Cassius says that there are approximately 9000 wild animals that have been killed in 100 days as a celebration of the inauguration and opening of the Colosseum. The floor of the Colosseum arena was covered with sand to prevent the blood-the blood does not flow anywhere.

Shows

In the Colosseum at the time was the venue for a spectacular show, which is a fight between animals (venetaiones), a fight between prisoners and animals, execution of prisoners (noxii), water fights (naumachiae) by flooding the arena, and the fight between gladiators (munera ). For hundreds of years it is estimated that thousands of people and animals die in the Colosseum show.

Naming

The name of the Colosseum as the above is taken from the name of a statue as high as 130 feet or 40 m, Colossus.

Colossus Statue is regenerated in lieu of Nero as a parable of Sol, the sun god, by adding the crown of the sun. At mid-year, Colossus statue has disappeared. An expert said that since the statue was made of copper, the statue has been melted for reuse.

Apart from the name of Colossus, the Colosseum is also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre is not known who gave the name. In Italy, the Colosseum was named il Colosseo Rome but other languages ??use the name Le Colisée and el Coliseo to mention the Colosseum.

Description

Colosseum is large enough. With a height of 48 meters, 188 meters long, 156 m wide area around the building and approximately 2.5 ha to the Colosseum looks so big and spacious. Wooden arena measuring 86 meters by 54 meters, and covered by sand. Elliptical or spherical shape of the Colosseum point to prevent the players to run away towards the corner and prevent the audience to be closer to the show.

The Colosseum is a very great work. The place was said to be great and spectacular stage due to the shape and structure of the Colosseum. Until now, the Colosseum is still regarded as a great and spectacular stadium. Seating in the Colosseum is divided into different levels.

Podium, the first place to sit is devoted to the Roman senators. Dedicated space for the king, resting place, the treasury is also on this level. Under the podium is maeniaum primum, which is devoted to the Roman nobility. The third level is maenianum primum is subdivided into three parts. The bottom (immum) used for the rich, at the top again (summum), used for commoners. And finally, in the wood (maenianum secundum in legneis) is where the wooden structure at the top of the building. The place was standing room only used for women inferior.

After 2 years of the Colosseum is used as a venue, the youngest son of Vespasian ordered to construct an underground area (Hypogeum), two levels of underground lines in the form of interconnected tunnels and cages where gladiators and animals were placed before the fight begins. There is also provided the pitfalls of trapdoors used to prevent entry of wild animals are not planned into the arena and to keep the weapons storage area in the Colosseum.

Then

The Colosseum was used until the year 217, although it has been damaged due to being struck by lightning fires. Colosseum has been corrected in the year 238 and gladiatorial games continued until the Christians gradually stop the game because too many casualties.

The building used to store various types of animals until the year 524. Two earthquakes in the years 442 and 508 cause severe damage to the building. In the Middle Ages, the Colosseum suffered severe damage caused by the earthquake again in the year 847 and 1349 and serve as a fortress and a church was also established there.

Many of the marble stones are used to coat and rebuild parts of the Colosseum, which has been damaged by fire. In the 16th and 17th centuries, families using Roman Colosseum as a place of extraction of marble stone for building constructions St. Peter’s Basilica and special residence palazzi, Roman family.

In 1749, there is a form of maintenance of the Colosseum. Pope Benedict XIVmelarang to use the Colosseum as a place of mining. In 2000 there was an outcry in Italy in order to oppose the use of the death penalty for countries around the world (in Italy, the death penalty was abolished in 1948).

Some demonstrators wore a place in front of the Colosseum. Since then, as a gesture against the law of capital, the local residents to change the color of the Colosseum at night from white to gold by using the lighting of candles and neon lights up when the whole world where death is abolished punitive action.

Great Wall of China or the Great Wall of China (Traditional Chinese: ??; Simplified Chinese: ??; pinyin: Changcheng), also known in China as long as the Great Wall of 10,000 Li ¹ (????; ????; Wanli Changcheng) is the longest building ever built by humans, is located in the people’s Republic of China.

Its length is 6400 kilometers (from the region Sanhai Pass in the east to Lop Nur in the west) and the height of 8 meters in order to prevent the invasion of North Mongoldari nation at that time. The width of the top 5 m, while the width of the bottom 8 m. Every 180-270 m made such a tower. High tower is 11-12 m.

To create a giant wall, it can take hundreds of years at the time of the various emperors. Initially, it is estimated Qin Shi-huang who started the construction of the wall, but according to research and record the history of literature, that wall has been made before the Qin Dynasty stand, precisely first built in the Warring States Period. Emperor Qin Shi-huang continue development and strengthening the walls that had been built earlier.

After the death of Qin Shi-huang, making this wall had stopped and only resumed in the Sui Dynasty, the last resumed again at the time of the Ming Dynasty. Form the Great Wall which we now see is the result of development of the Sun earlier era. The inside walls of earth mixed with bricks and rocks. The top was made the main road to cavalry China.

Development history of the Great Wall of China can be traced to the 9th century BC. At that time, governments in the central part of China to connect the fort and the lighthouse which is the army at the border checkpoints into one long wall in order to fend off ethnic groups from northern China. Until the Chunqiu Period and the Warring States, a battle raged between the nations confront each other principality.

The countries for the sake of his own defense in a row to build a big wall on a hill and a mountain located in the border area. In the year 221 BC, Emperor Qinshihuang unify China. After that, the Emperor Qinshihuang ordered that the walls built by various countries principality was spliced ??into one big wall as a stronghold to fend off cavalry attacks on the nomadic ethnic Monggolia northern grasslands of China.

Great Wall at that time length is 5000 kilometers more. Great Wall on the coordination of Han after the collapse of the Qin Dynasty was extended to 10 thousand miles more. In the history of 2000 years ago, the authorities at various times never stop building the Great Wall so that the total length reached 50 thousand kilometers, enough to orbit the earth once more.

Great Wall which we now call the most is the huge wall that was built during the Ming Dynasty in power between 1368 and 1644. Stems from its western end at Jiayu Fortress of Western China’s Gansu Province and the eastern end of the Yalu River on the outskirts of Northeast China’s Liaoning Province after passing the 9 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions along the 7300 kilometers, or equal to 14 thousand li of China. Thus, the Great Wall was called a “wall length of 10 thousand li” in Chinese.

As the fortifications, the Great Wall was built by following the course of the mountaintops. He passed a very complicated topography, among others, Gurung sand, meadow and marsh. To adapt to a variety of topography, development practitioners to apply the structure of the Great Wall of extraordinary and diverse. All this suggests the ancestor of the Chinese intelligence.

Great Wall winding down the mountain peaks mamanjang almost impossible to be conquered by enemies in ancient times because of the mountains and the slopes on which the wall was too steep to climb.

The Great Wall was built with big stones interspersed with soil and rock fragments. Height of approximately 10 meters and a width of about 5 meters, enough for 4 horses running side by side. Thus, it is very easy to maneuver troops and transport food and weapons. On the wall was built in the door and stairs to climb down.

Great Wall spliced ??with a castle or a tower of fire every sector, in which the stored weapons and food supplies. The fort and the lighthouse was used as a resting place for soldiers in time of peace and is a stronghold to fend off enemy attacks during battle. In addition, once known to the enemy’s aggression, the beacon will be lit the fire at night and smoke during the day so the news of the enemy attacks can be dispersed throughout the country in the near future.

In the important sector of the Great Wall, for example the strategic trajectory, the mountain pass and the border mountains to the sea is usually built large gate attic. Attic-loft gate not only looks magnificent, but also reflects the brilliant art of ancient Chinese architecture. Now most of the attic that gate has been turned into a tourist attraction, for example Attic Shanhaiguan Gate at the eastern end of the Great Wall, dubbed as China’s number one gate loft and attic Gate Juyongguan Great Wall at Badaling sector around Beijing.

The Great Wall as a function of military fortifications are now no longer exists, but the beauty of its architecture is still very impressive.

The beauty of the Great Wall is reflected in the grandeur, power and greatness. Removing the view from a distance to the Great Wall, the huge high wall that extends for thousands of miles it looked like a gigantic dragon-geliut menggeliang down the mountains; when viewed from close range, then the wall was filled with the charm of art with a variety of architecture.

The Great Wall is a hard-earned sweat and blood soaked and impregnated the intelligence of the Chinese people in ancient times. How heavy construction projects on the ancient Great Wall that is still low productive forces is difficult to imagine.

Mount Everest or Mount Everest is also called Chomolungma or Qomolangma (Tibetan) or Sagarmatha (Nepali) is the world’s tallest mountain when measured from the peak height to above the sea, which meant as high as 8.848 meters or 29.029 highway. Mountain which is part of the Himalayas is located on the border between Sagarmatha Zone, Nepal and Tibet, China.

The volcano is getting his English name from the name of Sir George Everest. This name was given by Sir Andrew Waugh, the surveyor-general British India, the successor of Everest.

At the end of 2007 climbing season, has done countless 3.679 2.436 ascent to the summit by a private person, and there have been 210 deaths on the mountain because the condition is very difficult and his body was often left alone in there where he fell.

The top of each mountain is the most special. Mount Everest is the tallest mountain peaks in the world. Located in the Himalayas, these mountains make the border of Nepal and China seems so small.

Radhanath Sikdar, surveyors and mathematicians from Bengal, was the first state summit of Mount Everest as the highest peak in 1852 through trigonometric calculations. This calculation is done using teodolitdari distance of 150 miles away in India. Most of the people of India believe that the peak should be named according to Sikdar, not Everest.

The altitude reaches 29,035 feet (8850 m) which has been determined using GPS satellite equipment on 5 May 1999. It was previously believed to be slightly low at 29,028 feet (8,848 meters), established in 1954 with an average size of several sites around the mountain. The new elevation has been confirmed by the National Geographic Society.

His reputation as the hardest mountain climb in the world is clear. Basically there are two paths to the summit, which tested even the most experienced climbers – reached the top just means you browse the history books where you become one of the rare explorers with a superhuman ability to survive against the cold air and physical challenges in the mountains.

Although the easiest route to the summit was found on the side of Nepal, China border which is almost precisely the most popular for hikers – a little fact that even trying to climb up the peak, although there are many roads that are smaller and can be managed toward the parts of a challenging mountain Everest hikers of all levels of expertise.

The high Mount Everest is almost impossible to understand just by looking at the pictures. The original scenery of the mountain is indeed impressive to see it let alone imagine those who managed to climb this mountain – there are about 2,000 climbers have managed to do, most do so in the last ten years.

But this does not mean it is becoming easier – Hundreds of people have died trying to find a way to reach the highest peak of Mount Everest, not including anecdotes and stories of the climbers who have climbed to the top of the mountain and never returned.

Fatigue is the main reason that the cause of most of the climbers were forced to return home, but on May 29, 1953, the couple’s first successful climber set foot on the highest peak of Mount Everest. Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay reached the highest peak, begin the adventure for miles under the Nepal side.

They are the first survivors of “the death zone” (zone of death) that is areas that are found above 24,000 feet, where Hillary wrote his name a record as the first explorers to set foot on the summit of Mount Everest.

It’s hard, but for years the climbers continue to try – now costs about 70,000 U.S. $ you can join an expedition with little or no experience though. This adventure, however, very, very dangerous. For every five climbers who left their mark on the top of Mount Everest, one of whom died.

To this day for the mountaineers who feel that climbing Everest is a good idea remains a debate. For the government of Nepal is a source of revenue climbing for the guide who led the climbers and costs around 25,000 U.S. $ per person.

This does not mean that Everest is not an attractive tourist destination. The Everest base camp, located near the temple Rosphu in rural areas of Tibet, visited by thousands of tourists every year, for those who think that the origin can set foot on this famous mountain is already a victory.

Article by phoenicianairline

Venice (English: Venice, Italian: Venezia, Veneto language: Venexia) is the capital of the Regione Veneto and the Province of Venice in Italy. This city has an area of ??412 km ² and a population of 271,663 souls (2003). Venice is known as “La Dominante”, “Serenissima”, “Queen of the Adriatic”, “City of Water”, “City of Bridges”, and “The City of Light”.

City Water, this might be an appropriate designation for Venice. The town is located in the northeastern part of Italy is directly reminiscent of a name, Marco Polo. The name of the merchant from Venice who wanders into a number of Asian countries is easy to remember because it is listed in various history books that taught since elementary school. The name Marco Polo can not be separated from Venice. Even the name immortalized as the name of Marco Polo airport in the city.

Venice is better known as a tourist city and industrial city. The legacy of trade made the city fame as one of Venice’s famous sights on the shores of the Adriatic Sea. With the nickname The Queen of the Adriatic which is still attached.

You can use the fast trains such as Eurostar and train-like economy class to visit Venice. From various cities in mainland Europe there are some trains which, directly or have to change trains. The train stopped at Santa Lucia Station.

In some places you can find 24-hour cafe, so you need not fear starvation. Want hot coffee to drink tea available in the corners of the station. After that for a city built around the small islands that we use the vaporetto or water bus from the base named Ferovia, not far from the station. From here visitors can surround a number of places in Venice.

There are a number of routes that can be passed from this base. One route is the famous Ferovia-San Marco. Magnificent buildings hundreds of years old and have been directly adjacent to the sea. Palaces, churches, and museums gothic style, Venetian-Byzantine and Lombardesque are also small islands.

The island of more than 100 that are connected with canals. In this channel to operate a traditional boat called a gondola. This is a vehicle which is used if you want to surround the villages on the island. While the water bus is only used outside the canal. This water bus stops at several places and to route Ferovia-San Marco to within half an hour. On the water bus terminal in San Marco, you will meet with the vendors of souvenirs, ranging from Venetian crystal, necklace, or a replica of the gondola.

Some tourist sites frequented by tourists, such as the Academia Gallery, Campo Santo Stefano and the Church of San Moise. There is still the San Marco Square, the Basilica of San Marco and the Ducal Palace as the next destination. Canal San George, a ghetto, the Palazzo Rezzonico, estuaries, Litoral, Torcello, Burano, Murano, Lido and several churches that have historical value, including where manggungnya Antonio Vivaldi is located next to the Basilica of San Marco. It took several days to visit all these tourist sites.

No need to worry about the problem of lodging. Hotels in Venice offers the usual fare in three seasons, namely the low season (January 3 to January 31), middle season (February 13-March 14) and the high season (November 10-December 27).

Venice became a tourist destination if you are, do not forget to buy a souvenir glass crystal. Venice is known as a regional producer of high quality crystal souvenir in Europe with a variety of forms. When you come to Venice to coincide with the holiday then you should come somewhat early, so no need to queue long to get the water bus.

In Specific, Indonesia also has some nice river with a typical life of the rim. When we are conscious about tourism, it is probably a lot of places in this country that is not less beautiful than the charm of Venice.

Places of Interest:

museum

Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Casa Goldoni a Palazzo Centano, Galleria Giorgio Franchetti alla Ca’ d’Oro, Galleria Internazionale d’Arte Moderna,  Gallerie dell’Accademia, Galleria di Palazzo Cini, Museo Correr, Museo d’Arte Erotica, Museo d’Arte Orientale, Museo del Ghetto, Museo del Merletto di Burano, Museo del Settecento veneziano (Ca’ Rezzonico), Museo del Vetro di Murano, Museo dell’Istituto Ellenico, Museo della Fondazione Querini Stampalia, Museo della Scuola Dalmata dei SS. Giorgio e Trifone, Museo di Storia Naturale, Museo di Torcello, Museo Diocesano di Arte sacra, Museo Ebraico, Museo Marciano, Museo parrocchiale San Pietro Martire, Museo Storico Navale, Palazzo Fortuny, Palazzo Ducale, Palazzo Grassi, Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Pinacoteca e Museo di S. Lazzaro degli Armeni, Pinacoteca Manfrediniana, Scuola Grande dei Carmini, Scuola Grande di San Giovanni Evangelista, Scuola Grande di San Marco, Scuola Grande di San Rocco.

Piazzas and Campi

• St Mark’s Square
• Campo San Polo

Palaces and Palazzi

• Doge’s Palace
• Palazzo Grassi
• Ca’ d’Oro
• Ca’ Rezzonico
• Peggy Guggenheim Collection
• Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo
• Fondaco dei Turchi
• Palazzo Labia
• Scuola Grande di San Marco
• Palazzo Malipiero
• Palazzo Foscari

church

• Basilica di San Marco
• Basilica di Santa Maria della Salute
• Other churches

buildings and other

• Accademia
• The Arsenal
• La Feniceopera house
• La Torre dell’Orologio (St Mark’s Clock)

bridges and canals

• Rialto Bridge
• The Bridge of Sighs
• Accademia Bridge
• Scalzi Bridge
• Piazzale Roma Footbridge

scenery

• The Venetian Lagoon
• Islands: Burano, Lazzaretto Vecchio, Lido, Mazzorbo, Murano, Mioldalni, Isola di La Grazia, San Michele, Isola Di San Secondo, Sacca Sessola, Sant’Erasmo, Isola Di San Clemente, San Francesco nel Deserto, San Giorgio in Alga, San Giorgio Maggiore, San Lazzaro degli Armeni, San Servolo, Santo Spirito, Torcello, Vignole.
• Giudecca

Article by phoenicianairline